The History of Labrador Retrievers
Ciara Farrell, Culture and Heritage Senior Manager at The Kennel Club tells us tales about these beloved dogs
Tell us about the history of Labrador Retrievers.
Ever wondered where Labrador Retrievers came from and how they became the beloved companions we know today? Let’s look back at their fascinating history.
Where did they originate from? Who were their owners?
Labrador Retrievers may feel like a familiar face now, but they have some fascinating roots. They originated from the island of Newfoundland and nearby Labrador Coast of Canada; a place known from the 16th century for its thriving fishing industry. There, hardworking dogs assisted fishermen by retrieving nets and lost lines, and even pulling carts filled with fish. One of these talented types of dogs was known by a few different names: the Lesser Newfoundland Dog, the St. John’s Dog, or the Small Water Dog.
When did they begin as gundogs and where?
These helpful dogs were brought over to England, where their amazing retrieving skills caught the eye of the sporting gentry. One of their early fans, the Earl of Malmesbury, was so impressed he gave them a new name: the Labrador Dog, inspired by the Labrador region.
By the late 19th century, quarantine laws made it difficult to bring more dogs from Newfoundland, so the Labradors in England were bred with British Retriever breeds like the Flat-Coated and Curly-Coated Retrievers. One special dog, Malmesbury Tramp (born in 1878), is often considered one of the first true Labrador Retrievers as we know them today. Thus, the modern Labrador Retriever was established and quickly became popular as a working gundog, show dog and family pet.
A Breed Officially Recognized
The breed was formally recognized by the Kennel Club in 1903. From then on, Labrador Retrievers could compete in dog shows and field trials – events that showcase a working gundog’s skills.
Are there any famous historical Labrador Retrievers?
Labrador Retrievers were especially popular as gundogs for sportswomen. One of the most notable was Lorna, Countess Howe, who owned the legendary Dual Champion Bolo of Banchory, a top-notch show dog and an elite gundog, descended from Malmesbury Tramp. She also made history as the first woman to own a Crufts Best in Show winner – not once, but three times. Bramshaw Bob took the top prize in 1932 and 1933 and she won again in 1936 with Ch Cheverell’s Ben of Banchory,
Labradors also found their way into royal hearts. The Royal Family’s kennel at Sandringham has bred many exceptional Labradors, and the line was started with Wolferton Jet, born in 1913 and owned King George V. Queen Elizabeth II became especially fond of the breed in the 1960s, enhancing their lineage with her beloved dogs, Snare and Sabre. Her favourite was Field Trial Champion Sherry of Biteabout, who’s even memorialized at Sandringham as “the faithful companion of The Queen.” Sherry’s son, Field Trial Champion Sandringham Sydney was her most successful competitive Labrador Retriever.
President Bill Clinton’s dogs, Buddy and Seamus, brought Labrador charm to the White House, while Marley – the lovable troublemaker from Marley & Me – tugged on heartstrings around the world.
Today, Labrador Retrievers remain the most popular dog breed in the UK. Their intelligence, gentle temperament, eagerness to please, and excellent retrieving skills make them ideal not only as gundogs but also as guide dogs, assistance dogs, and family companions.
